Located in the Shenandoah Valley,
Winchester was the most contested town in the Confederacy during the American Civil War (1861–1865),
changing hands more than seventy times and earning its reputation (in the words of a
British observer) as the shuttlecock of the Confederacy. Three major battles were
fought within town limits and four others nearby. In 1862, Confederate general Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson
won a victory there during the Shenandoah Valley Campaign that
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